The Oyez Project: Criminal Procedure Issues - Search and Seizure Decisions

Arizona v. Evans - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 01 Mar 1995 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Arizona v. Hicks - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 03 Mar 1987 12:00:00 -0500

Was the search of the stereo equipment (a search beyond the exigencies of the original entry) reasonable under the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments?

Atwater v. City of Lago Vista - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 24 Apr 2001 12:00:00 -0500

Does the Fourth Amendment, either by incorporating common-law restrictions on misdemeanor arrests or otherwise, limit a police officer's authority to arrest without warrant for minor criminal offenses?

Bond v. United States - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 17 Apr 2000 12:00:00 -0500

Does a law enforcement officer's physical manipulation of a bus passenger's carry-on luggage violate the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches?

Brigham City, Utah v. Stuart - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 22 May 2006 12:00:00 -0500

What objectively reasonable level of concern is necessary to trigger the emergency aid exception to the Fourth Amendment's warrant requirement?

Brower v. Inyo County - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 21 Mar 1989 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

California v. Acevedo - Opinion Announcement

Thu, 30 May 1991 12:00:00 -0500

Under the Fourth Amendment, may police conduct a warrantless search of a container within an automobile if they have probable cause to believe that the container holds evidence?

California v. Hodari D. - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 23 Apr 1991 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

City of Indianapolis v. Edmond - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 28 Nov 2000 12:00:00 -0500

Are highway checkpoint programs, whose primary purpose is the discovery and interdiction of illegal narcotics, consistent with the Fourth Amendment?

Devenpeck v. Alford - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 13 Dec 2004 12:00:00 -0500

(1) Does an arrest violate the Fourth Amendment when a police officer has probable cause to make an arrest for one offense, if that offense is not closely related to the offense articulated by the officer at the time of the arrest? (2) For the purposes of qualified immunity, was "closely related offense doctrine" clearly established given that different circuit courts disagreed on its application?

Ferguson v. City of Charleston - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 21 Mar 2001 12:00:00 -0500

Is a state hospital's performance of a diagnostic test to obtain evidence of a patient's criminal conduct for law enforcement purposes an unreasonable search in violation of the Fourth Amendment if the patient has not consented to the procedure?

Florida v. Bostick - Opinion Announcement

Thu, 20 Jun 1991 12:00:00 -0500

Is the acquisition of evidence during random bus searches, conducted pursuant to passengers' consent, a per se violation of the Fourth Amendment's protection against unconstitutional search and seizure?

Florida v. J. L. - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 28 Mar 2000 12:00:00 -0500

Is an anonymous tip that a person is carrying a gun sufficient under the Fourth Amendment to justify a police officer's stop and frisk of that person?

Florida v. Jimeno - Opinion Announcement

Thu, 23 May 1991 12:00:00 -0500

Does a suspect's consent to a search of his vehicle extend to closed containers found inside?

Florida v. Royer - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 23 Mar 1983 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Florida v. Wells - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 18 Apr 1990 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Florida v. White - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 17 May 1999 12:00:00 -0500

Does the Fourth Amendment require the police to obtain a warrant before seizing an automobile from a public place when they have probable cause to believe that it is forfeitable contraband under the Florida Contraband Forfeiture Act?

Franks v. Delaware - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 26 Jun 1978 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

G. M. Leasing Corp. v. United States - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 12 Jan 1977 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Georgia v. Randolph - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 22 Mar 2006 12:00:00 -0500

Can police search a home when one physically present resident consents and the other physically present resident objects?

Hanlon v. Berger - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 24 May 1999 12:00:00 -0500

Do federal agents violate the Fourth Amendment's prohibition on unreasonable searches and seizures when they let representatives of the news media accompany and observe their conduct in the execution of a search warrant?

Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial District Court of Nevada, Humboldt County - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 21 Jun 2004 12:00:00 -0500

Did Hiibel's arrest and conviction for not telling a police officer his name violate his Fifth Amendment right not to incriminate himself and his Fourth Amendment right to be free from an unreasonable search?

Hudson v. Michigan - Opinion Announcement

Thu, 15 Jun 2006 12:00:00 -0500

Does the general rule excluding evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment apply to the "knock-and-announce" rule?

Illinois v. Caballes - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 24 Jan 2005 12:00:00 -0500

Does the Fourth Amendment's search and seizure clause require a reasonable articulable suspicion to conduct a canine sniff during a routine traffic stop?

Illinois v. Lidster - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 13 Jan 2004 12:00:00 -0500

Does Indianapolis v. Edmond, which dealt with the Fourth and 14th Amendment prohibitions of unreasonable searches and seizures, prohibit checkpoints organized to question motorists about a previous offense and arrest motorists for drunk driving?

Illinois v. McArthur - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 20 Feb 2001 12:00:00 -0500

Do officers, with probable cause to believe that a man had hidden marijuana in his home, who subsequently prevent that man from entering the home for about two hours while they obtain a search warrant, violate the Fourth Amendment?

James v. Illinois - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 10 Jan 1990 12:00:00 -0500

Could James's statements be used against him even though they were obtained illegally?

Kyllo v. United States - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 11 Jun 2001 12:00:00 -0500

Does the use of a thermal-imaging device to detect relative amounts of heat emanating from a private home constitute an unconstitutional search in violation of the Fourth Amendment?

Marshall v. Barlow's, Inc. - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 23 May 1978 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Maryland v. Buie - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 28 Feb 1990 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Maryland v. Garrison - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 24 Feb 1987 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Maryland v. Pringle - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 15 Dec 2003 12:00:00 -0500

Does an arrest of a front-seat passenger in a car driven by its owner, after police find cocaine in the car's back armrest, lack probable cause and violate the Fourth Amendment's prohibition of unreasonable searches and seizures?

Michigan v. Tyler - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 31 May 1978 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Mincey v. Arizona - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 21 Jun 1978 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Minnesota v. Carter - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 01 Dec 1998 12:00:00 -0500

In accordance with the Fourth Amendment, do household visitors have the same protection against unreasonable searches and seizures as do residents or overnight social guests?

Minnesota v. Olson - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 18 Apr 1990 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Muehler v. Mena - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 22 Mar 2005 12:00:00 -0500

(1) Did police violate the Fourth Amendment right to be free from unreasonable seizure by detaining Mena in handcuffs for 2-3 they executed a search warrant for contraband on the premises she occupied? (2) Did police violate the Fourth Amendment by questioning Mena about her immigration status during the detention?

Nat. Treas. Employees Union v. Von Raab - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 21 Mar 1989 12:00:00 -0500

Did the regulations violate the Fourth Amendment?

New York v. Harris - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 18 Apr 1990 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

O'Connor v. Ortega - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 31 Mar 1987 12:00:00 -0500

Did the supervisor's search of the office violate Dr. Ortega's "reasonable expectation of privacy" guaranteed by the Fourth Amendment?

Riverside County v. McLaughlin - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 13 May 1991 12:00:00 -0500

Did Riverside violate the Court's holding in Gerstein v. Pugh (420 U.S. 103), which required prompt probable cause determinations?

Samson v. California - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 19 Jun 2006 12:00:00 -0500

Did the Fourth Amendment prohibit police from conducting a warrantless search of a person who was subject to a parole search condition, where there was no suspicion of criminal wrongdoing and the sole reason for the search was because the person was on parole?

Scott v. United States - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 15 May 1978 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives' Assoc. - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 21 Mar 1989 12:00:00 -0500

Did the regulations violate the Fourth Amendment?

Soldal Et Ux. v. Cook County, Illinois - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 08 Dec 1992 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

South Dakota v. Opperman - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 06 Jul 1976 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Steagald v. United States - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 21 Apr 1981 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Texas v. Brown - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 19 Apr 1983 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Thornton v. United States - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 24 May 2004 12:00:00 -0500

Under the "search incident to arrest" exception to the Fourth Amendment, may police search the vehicle of a person they have arrested if they did not make contact with him until after he left the vehicle?

United States v. Arvizu - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 15 Jan 2002 12:00:00 -0500

Did a border agent have reasonable suspicion to believe that Ralph Arvizu was engaged in illegal activity based on a number of factors?

United States v. Banks - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 02 Dec 2003 12:00:00 -0500

How long must officers wait after knocking on a door before they can use force to break it down in order to execute a warrant?

United States v. Ceccolini - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 21 Mar 1978 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

United States v. Chadwick - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 21 Jun 1977 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

United States v. Cortez - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 21 Jan 1981 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

United States v. Donovan - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 18 Jan 1977 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

United States v. Drayton - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 17 Jun 2002 12:00:00 -0500

Must police officers, while searching buses at random to ask questions and to request passengers' consent to searches, advise passengers of their right not to cooperate?

United States v. Dunn - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 03 Mar 1987 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

United States v. Flores-Montano - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 30 Mar 2004 12:00:00 -0500

Does the Fourth Amendment require customs officers at the international border to have reasonable suspicion in order to remove, disassemble, and search a vehicle's gas tank for illegal material?

United States v. Grubbs - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 21 Mar 2006 12:00:00 -0500

Did the Fourth Amendment require suppression of evidence seized during a search that had been authorized by an anticipatory warrant, when the warrant's triggering events were not shown to the person searched?

United States v. Janis - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 06 Jul 1976 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

United States v. Knights - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 10 Dec 2001 12:00:00 -0500

Does a search pursuant to a common California probation condition, supported by reasonable suspicion, satisfy the Fourth Amendment?

United States v. Knotts - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 02 Mar 1983 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

United States v. Martinez-Fuerte - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 06 Jul 1976 12:00:00 -0500

Do such stops violate the Fourth Amendment's proscription against unreasonable searches and seizures?

United States v. Miller - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 21 Apr 1976 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

United States v. New York Telephone Co. - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 07 Dec 1977 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

United States v. Ramsey - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 06 Jun 1977 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

United States v. Santana - Opinion Announcement

Thu, 24 Jun 1976 12:00:00 -0500

Did the search violate the Fourth Amendment?

United States v. Verdugo-Urquidez - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 28 Feb 1990 12:00:00 -0500

Does the Fourth Amendment apply to the search and seizure by United States agents of property that is owned by a nonresident alien and located in a foreign country?

United States v. Watson - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 26 Jan 1976 12:00:00 -0500

No details yet.

Whren v. United States - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 10 Jun 1996 12:00:00 -0500

Did the officers conduct an unreasonable search and seizure in violation of the Fourth Amendment?

Wilson v. Arkansas - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 22 May 1995 12:00:00 -0500

Does the Fourth Amendment's reasonable search and seizure clause require police officers to knock and announce their presence before entering a private residence?

Wilson v. Layne - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 24 May 1999 12:00:00 -0500

Is the accompaniment of law enforcement authorities by media personnel, during the execution of an arrest warrant in a home, a violation of the homeowner's Fourth Amendment protection against unlawful search and seizure?

Wyoming v. Houghton - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 05 Apr 1999 12:00:00 -0500

May police officers, with probable cause to search a car, inspect personal items belonging to its passengers without violating the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches?

Zurcher v. The Stanford Daily - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 31 May 1978 12:00:00 -0500

Did the search of The Daily's newsroom violate the First and Fourth Amendments?