The Oyez Project: Civil Rights Issues - Affirmative Action Decisions

Adarand Constructors v. Pena - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 12 Jun 1995 12:00:00 -0500

Is the presumption of disadvantage based on race alone, and consequent allocation of favored treatment, a discriminatory practice that violates the equal protection principle embodied in the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment?

Gratz v. Bollinger - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 23 Jun 2003 12:00:00 -0500

Does the University of Michigan's use of racial preferences in undergraduate admissions violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment or Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

Grutter v. Bollinger - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 23 Jun 2003 12:00:00 -0500

Does the University of Michigan Law School's use of racial preferences in student admissions violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment or Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

Johnson v. Transportation Agency - Opinion Announcement

Tue, 24 Mar 1987 12:00:00 -0500

Did the Agency impermissibly take into account the sex of the applicants in the promotion process and violate Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke - Opinion Announcement

Mon, 26 Jun 1978 12:00:00 -0500

Did the University of California violate the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause, and the Civil Rights Act of 1964, by practicing an affirmative action policy that resulted in the repeated rejection of Bakke's application for admission to its medical school?

United States v. Paradise - Opinion Announcement

Wed, 25 Feb 1987 12:00:00 -0500

Did the one-black-for-one-white promotion scheme violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?