http://www.oyez.org/cases/1981/podcast U.S. Supreme Court Oral Arguments, presented by The Oyez Project (www.oyez.org) en The Oyez Project at Chicago-Kent http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2162/argument None Wed, 28 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55273 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_497/argument None Wed, 28 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55388 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_770/argument None Wed, 28 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55283 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_150/argument The Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978 created a system of bankruptcy courts as an adjunct to the federal system of district courts. This case was decided together with United States v. Marathon Pipeline Co. Tue, 27 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55348 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_55/argument A New York child pornography law prohibited persons from knowingly promoting sexual performances by children under the age of sixteen by distributing material which depicts such performances. Tue, 27 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55359 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_389/argument None Tue, 27 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55232 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_451/argument None Tue, 27 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55347 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2070/argument None Mon, 26 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55314 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_534/argument None Mon, 26 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55256 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_574/argument None Mon, 26 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55406 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_614/argument None Mon, 26 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55305 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2205/argument None Wed, 21 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55336 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2195/argument None Wed, 21 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55299 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_411/argument None Wed, 21 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55244 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1012/argument None Wed, 21 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55272 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1305/argument None Tue, 20 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55414 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2116/argument None Tue, 20 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55261 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_300/argument None Tue, 20 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55338 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_450/argument None Tue, 20 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55233 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1745/argument None Mon, 19 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55258 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_349/argument None Mon, 19 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55330 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2015/argument None Mon, 19 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55235 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2102/argument None Mon, 19 Apr 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55245 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_535/argument None Wed, 31 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55269 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_460/argument None Wed, 31 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55242 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_622/argument None Wed, 31 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55418 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_395/argument None Wed, 31 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55247 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_244/argument None Tue, 30 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55230 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2177/argument None Tue, 30 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55394 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_31/argument None Tue, 30 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55291 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_613/argument None Tue, 30 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55287 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_611/argument A Massachusetts law required trial courts to exclude members of the press and public from certain cases involving sexual offenses and testimony of victims less than eighteen years old. In a trial involving a male who was accused of raping three minors, the court, acting in reference to the Massachusetts statute, conducted a closed trial. Mon, 29 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55313 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1991/argument None Mon, 29 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55302 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_89_orig/argument None Mon, 29 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55296 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2147/argument None Mon, 29 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55254 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1714/argument None Wed, 24 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55409 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_213/argument None Wed, 24 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55349 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_225/argument None Wed, 24 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55271 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1952/argument None Wed, 24 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55297 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_440/argument None Tue, 23 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55243 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_5321/argument None Tue, 23 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55354 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1002/argument None Tue, 23 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55341 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_5152/argument None Tue, 23 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55333 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_9/argument In 1978, a Seattle school district adopted a mandatory busing plan to integrate its schools. No court or administrative body found the district to be engaged in unlawful segregation. A statewide initiative adopted in 1978 mandated a neighborhood school policy. The policy provided for some exceptions including voluntary busing options and mandatory busing if so ordered by state or federal courts. The initiative blocked the implementation of Seattle's mandatory busing plan. School officials challenged the Washington government in federal court. Mon, 22 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55339 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_406/argument Joe Hogan, a registered nurse and qualified applicant, was denied admission to the Mississippi University for Women School of Nursing's baccalaureate program on the basis of sex. Created by a state statute in 1884, MUW was the oldest state-supported all-female college in the United States. Mon, 22 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55284 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_38/argument None Mon, 22 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55405 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_328/argument In 1981, a representative of Puerto Rico's Popular Democratic Party ("Party") died in office. Searching for a replacement, the Governor of Puerto Rico held a "by-election" open to candidates of all parties. The Party challenged the Governor, alleging that under Puerto Rico statutes only candidates and electors affiliated with the Party could participate in the by-election. On appeal from a Superior Court judgment favoring the Party, Puerto Rico's Supreme Court modified the judgment holding that a by-election was only required if the party of the legislator vacating the seat fails to name a replacement within 60 days. Before Puerto Rico's Supreme Court could deliver its decision, the Party held an election open only to its members and, then, pursuant to the Supreme Court's mandate, swore in a new representative. Rodriguez appealed and the Supreme Court granted certiorari. Mon, 22 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55315 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_202/argument None Wed, 03 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55295 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1798/argument None Wed, 03 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55321 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_280/argument None Wed, 03 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55241 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2043/argument The Island Trees Union Free School District's Board of Education (the "Board"), acting contrary to the recommendations of a committee of parents and school staff, ordered that certain books be removed from its district's junior high and high school libraries. In support of its actions, the Board said such books were: "anti-American, anti-Christian, anti-Semitic, and just plain filthy." Acting through his friend Francis Pico, and on behalf of several other students, Steven Pico brought suit in federal district court challenging the Board's decision to remove the books. The Board won; the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reversed. The Board petitioned the U.S. Supreme Court, which granted certiorari. Tue, 02 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55250 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1874/argument None Tue, 02 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55255 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_5114/argument None Tue, 02 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55391 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2178/argument None Tue, 02 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55420 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2209/argument Acting on a tip that Ross was selling drugs from his car in the District of Columbia, police officers pulled Ross over, opened his trunk, and discovered a bag of heroin. After returning to the station, another search uncovered $3200 in cash. Officers acted without a warrant in each search. Mon, 01 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55387 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_212/argument None Mon, 01 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55281 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1594/argument None Mon, 01 Mar 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55277 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2204/argument None Wed, 24 Feb 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55386 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_89/argument None Wed, 24 Feb 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55246 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1608/argument None Wed, 24 Feb 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55392 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1437/argument None Tue, 23 Feb 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55382 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_341/argument None Tue, 23 Feb 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55396 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1990/argument None Tue, 23 Feb 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55252 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2100/argument Eight black citizens of Burke County, Georgia, challenged the at-large system of elections within the county. Although a substantial number of blacks lived within the county, no minority candidate had ever been elected to the Burke County Board of Commissioners, the chief governing body. To be elected, candidates had to receive a majority of the votes cast in the primary or general election. Tue, 23 Feb 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55368 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1832/reargument In one section of the Immigration and Nationality Act, Congress authorized either House of Congress to invalidate and suspend deportation rulings of the United States Attorney General. Chadha had stayed in the U.S. past his visa deadline. Though Chadha conceded that he was deportable, an immigration judge suspended his deportation. The House of Representatives voted without debate or recorded vote to deport Chadha. This case was decided together with United States House of Representatives v. Chadha and United States Senate v. Chadha. Mon, 22 Feb 1982 13:00:00 +0000 admin 62309 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1832/argument In one section of the Immigration and Nationality Act, Congress authorized either House of Congress to invalidate and suspend deportation rulings of the United States Attorney General. Chadha had stayed in the U.S. past his visa deadline. Though Chadha conceded that he was deportable, an immigration judge suspended his deportation. The House of Representatives voted without debate or recorded vote to deport Chadha. This case was decided together with United States House of Representatives v. Chadha and United States Senate v. Chadha. Mon, 22 Feb 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55399 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2182/argument None Mon, 22 Feb 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55410 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1924/argument None Mon, 22 Feb 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55378 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1285/argument None Wed, 20 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55274 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1925/argument None Wed, 20 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55239 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1348/argument Immediately after Treasure Salvors, Inc. ("Treasure") located a 17th-century Spanish wreck of its coast, Florida claimed ownership of the remains. Treasure contracted with the Florida Division of Archives ("Archives") to salvage the wreck in exchange for 75% of the recovered artifacts' appraised value. Meanwhile, in the unrelated proceedings of United States v. Florida, the United States won a judgment granting it ownership of the lands, minerals, and other natural resources in the area of the Spanish wreck's discovery. Upon learning of this ruling, Treasure sought a declaration of title to the wreck. Following a second favorable appellate decision, Treasure sought and received a warrant to seize all artifacts from the Archives. Florida challenged the warrant and its issuing district court's jurisdiction, but lost on both counts. On appeal from an unfavorable appellate ruling, the Supreme Court granted Florida certiorari. Wed, 20 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55393 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1481/argument None Tue, 19 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55340 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1749/argument None Tue, 19 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55276 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1199/argument None Tue, 19 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55316 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1190/argument None Tue, 19 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55380 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1045/argument None Mon, 18 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55404 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1556/argument None Mon, 18 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55251 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2165/argument None Mon, 18 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55426 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1663/argument None Mon, 18 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55389 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_61/argument None Wed, 13 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55366 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1765/argument None Wed, 13 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55415 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1417/argument None Wed, 13 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55236 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_60/argument None Wed, 13 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55262 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1290/argument None Tue, 12 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55353 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_6680/argument None Tue, 12 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55248 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_6298/argument None Tue, 12 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55223 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2134/argument None Tue, 12 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55237 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1429/argument None Mon, 11 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55318 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1735/argument None Mon, 11 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55270 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1690/argument None Mon, 11 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55267 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1562/argument None Mon, 11 Jan 1982 13:00:00 +0000 55385 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1666/argument None Wed, 09 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55234 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1681/argument None Wed, 09 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55424 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1074/argument None Wed, 09 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55238 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_986/argument None Wed, 09 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55227 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1430/argument None Tue, 08 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55264 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1730/argument Giles Lugar leased a truckstop from Edmondson Oil Co. and fell behind on his rent payments. Edmondson issued a suit against him in a Virginia state court for failing to repay his debt. Before the court reached a decision, it issued a "writ of attachment" against Lugar. This disabled him from selling any property he owned while the case was open, since Edmondson wanted the property as collateral in case he could not repay his debt. A state trial judge cancelled the "writ of attachment" one month later after finding no statutory justification for its issuance. Lugar claimed that Edmondson worked with the government to deprive him of his property without the due process of law guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment. He said this caused him financial loss and sought to recover damages from Edmondson in a District Court under 42 U.S.C. Section 1983. This code provides rewards to those who have had their rights violated because of "state action." The District Court rejected Lugar's claim because it deemed that no "state action" had occurred. On review, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit rejected using solely "state action" to validate Section 1983 suits. It claimed that certain instances where private parties acted "under the color of state law" also validated Section 1983 suits. However the Fourth Circuit found that none of these actions occurred in Lugar's case and rejected his suit. Tue, 08 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55290 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1595/argument None Tue, 08 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55383 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_702/argument None Tue, 08 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55397 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_6045/argument None Mon, 07 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55395 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1208/argument None Mon, 07 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55337 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_644/argument None Mon, 07 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55421 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1582/argument None Mon, 07 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55300 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1436/argument None Wed, 02 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55346 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_78_1545/argument None Wed, 02 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55411 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_415/argument None Wed, 02 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55373 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_988/argument None Tue, 01 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55298 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1614/argument None Tue, 01 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55369 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1538/argument A revision to the Texas education laws in 1975 allowed the state to withhold from local school districts state funds for educating children of illegal aliens. This case was decided together with Texas v. Certain Named and Unnamed Alien Child. Tue, 01 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55367 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1240/argument None Tue, 01 Dec 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55288 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1188/argument The MITE Corp, organized under Delaware laws with its principal office in Connecticut, initiated a tender offer for all outstanding shares of Chicago Rivet & Machine Co., an Illinois corporation. The Illinois Business Take-Over Act requires a tender offeror to notify the Secretary of State and the target company of its intent to make a tender offer and the terms of the offer 20 days before the offer becomes effective. During that time, the target company, but not the offeror, is free to disseminate information about the offer to the target company's shareholders. In addition, the Secretary of State could call a hearing, and the offer could not proceed until the hearing was completed. Finally, the Secretary of State could deny registration of a takeover offer he or she found inequitable. MITE Corp. sought and won a declaratory judgment holding that the Illinois Act was pre-empted by the Williams Act, 15 U.S.C. Sections 78m(d)-(e) and 78n(d)-(f), and that it violated the Commerce Clause. Mon, 30 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55231 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_5887/argument None Mon, 30 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55371 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_79_1738/argument In 1968, Fitzgerald, then a civilian analyst with the United States Air Force, testified before a congressional committee about inefficiencies and cost overruns in the production of the C-5A transport plane. Roughly one year later he was fired, an action for which President Nixon took responsibility. Fitzgerald then sued Nixon for damages after the Civil Service Commission concluded that his dismissal was unjust. Mon, 30 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55257 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1576/argument None Tue, 10 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55293 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1577/argument None Tue, 10 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55364 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1345/argument None Tue, 10 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55319 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_5889/argument None Tue, 10 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55228 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1431/argument None Mon, 09 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55225 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1496/argument None Mon, 09 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55355 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1082/argument None Mon, 09 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55362 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_79_1618/argument None Mon, 09 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55334 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_419/argument None Wed, 04 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55377 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_327/argument The Secretary of Defense closed the Valley Forge General Hospital in an effort to reduce the number of military installations in the country. In accordance with a congressional statute regulating the dispersal of surplus government property, part of the hospital's land was given, free-of-charge, to the Valley Forge Christian College. Wed, 04 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55416 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_1349/argument In 1978, a Washington police officer stopped a student at the Washington State University after observing the student was carrying a half-gallon bottle of gin. The officer asked for identification. The student, accompanied by the officer, then went into his dormitory to retrieve proof of age. After the student had entered his room, the officer noticed that the student's roommate, Chrisman, had marijuana seeds and a pipe on his desk. Chrisman was subsequently charged with the possession of marijuana and LSD. Tue, 03 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55303 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1251/argument None Tue, 03 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55326 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_990/argument None Tue, 03 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55350 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1121/argument None Tue, 03 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55422 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_5727/argument None Mon, 02 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55375 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_203/argument None Mon, 02 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55292 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_203/80-757_argument None Mon, 02 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 admin 62194 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_767/argument None Mon, 02 Nov 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55412 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_5950/argument None Wed, 14 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55266 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_737/argument None Wed, 14 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55328 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_846/argument None Wed, 14 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55407 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_848/argument (This summary was prepared by Tom Feledy.) A British company, flying an airplane manufactured by Piper, a Pennsylvania company, equipped with propellers made by Hartzell, an Ohio company, conducted a charter flight in Scotland for five Scottish citizens. When the plane crashed, killing all on board, the next of kin, also Scottish, had a Los Angeles-based lawyer sue Piper and Hartzell for wrongful death. The suit was filed in a California state court, then removed to Federal District Court in California, and finally transferred to Federal District Court in Pennsylvania. There it was dismissed for forum non conveniens under the determination that the case should be tried in Scotland: the crash had occurred, the crash investigation had been conducted there by British authorities, and the pilot's estate, the plane's owners, and the charter company were all located there. However, respondents successfully appealed, claiming that substantive law in Scotland would be unfavorable to their case. Scotland, unlike Pennsylvania, had no strict liability law, which, along with negligence, respondents were relying upon in order to prevail. Wed, 14 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55322 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_931/argument None Tue, 13 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55357 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_81_1377/argument None Tue, 13 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55307 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1350/argument None Tue, 13 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55400 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_824/argument None Tue, 13 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55311 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_847/argument None Wed, 07 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55344 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1070/argument None Wed, 07 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55285 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1146/argument None Wed, 07 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55352 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_965/argument None Tue, 06 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55279 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_689/argument None Tue, 06 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55331 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_518/argument None Tue, 06 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55309 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_939/argument None Tue, 06 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55402 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_513/argument None Tue, 06 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55306 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_1464/argument None Mon, 05 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55324 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_2049/argument None Mon, 05 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55259 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_427/argument None Mon, 05 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55360 at http://www.oyez.org http://www.oyez.org/cases/1980-1989/1981/1981_80_885/argument None Mon, 05 Oct 1981 13:00:00 +0000 55342 at http://www.oyez.org