The Oyez Project: 1960 Term Decisions

Alaska v. Arctic Maid (No. 106)

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American Automobile Assn. v. U.S. (No. 288)

Did the Supreme Court have jurisdiction over questions of legislative apportionment?

In an opinion which explored the nature of "political questions" and the appropriateness of Court action in them, the Court held that there were no such questions to be answered in this case and that legislative apportionment was a justiciable issue. In his opinion, Justice Brennan provided past examples in which the Court had intervened to correct constitutional violations in matters pertaining to state administration and the officers through whom state affairs are conducted. Brennan concluded that the Fourteenth Amendment equal protection issues which Baker and others raised in this case merited judicial evaluation.

Anderson v. Alabama (No. 326)

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Aro Mfg. Co. v. Convertible Top Co. (No. 21)

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Atchley v. California (No. 95)

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Baker v. Carr (No. 6)

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Baldonado v. California (No. 185)

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Bell v. United States (No. 92)

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Binks Mfg. Co. v. Ransburg Corp. (No. 501)

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Boynton v. Virginia (No. 7)

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Braden v. United States (No. 54)

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Braunfeld v. Brown (No. 67)

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Bullock v. South Carolina (No. 78)

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Bulova Watch Co. v. United States (No. 241)

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Burton v. Wilmington Pkg. Auth. (No. 164)

Were the confiscated materials protected by the First Amendment? (May evidence obtained through a search in violation of the Fourth Amendment be admitted in a state criminal proceeding?)

The Court brushed aside the First Amendment issue and declared that "all evidence obtained by searches and seizures in violation of the Constitution is, by [the Fourth Amendment], inadmissible in a state court." Mapp had been convicted on the basis of illegally obtained evidence. This was an historic -- and controversial -- decision. It placed the requirement of excluding illegally obtained evidence from court at all levels of the government. The decision launched the Court on a troubled course of determining how and when to apply the exclusionary rule.

Bushnell v. Ellis (No. 561)

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Cafeteria Workers v. Mcelroy (No. 97)

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Callanan v. United States (No. 47)

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Campbell v. United States (No. 53)

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Carbo v. United States (No. 72)

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Carpenters Local v. Labor Board (No. 68)

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Chapman v. United States (No. 175)

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Chaunt v. United States (No. 22)

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Chicago, M., St. P. & P. R. Co. v. U.S. (No. 306)

Did the Pennsylvania blue law violate the First Amendment's protection of free exercise of religious beliefs?

In a 6-to-3 decision, the Court held that the Pennsylvania blue law did not violate the Free Exercise Clause. The freedom to hold religious beliefs and opinions is absolute; however, the freedom to act (even in accordance with religious convictions) is not totally free from government restrictions. The Court found that the Sunday Closing Law had a secular basis and did not make any religious practices unlawful. The blue law is valid despite its indirect burden on religious observance unless the state can accomplish its secular goal of providing a uniform day of rest for all through other means. That an indirect burden, such as economic sacrifice, may be a result of the statute, does not make the blue law unconstitutional.

Civil Aero. Bd. v. Delta Air Lines (No. 492)

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Clancy v. United States (No. 88)

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Cohen v. Hurley (No. 84)

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Commissioner v. Lester (No. 376)

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Communist Party v. Catherwood (No. 495)

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Communist Party v. Control Board (No. 12)

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Coppola v. United States (No. 153)

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Costello v. United States (No. 59)

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Culombe v. Connecticut (No. 161)

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Deutch v. United States (No. 233)

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Eastern R. Conf. v. Noerr Motors (No. 50)

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Electrical Workers v. Labor Board (No. 321)

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Eli Lilly & Co. v. Sav-On-Drugs (No. 203)

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F. P. C. v. Transcontinental Gas Corp. (No. 45)

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Ferguson v. Georgia (No. 44)

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Gallagher v. Crown Kosher Market (No. 11)

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Garment Workers v. Labor Board (No. 284)

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Goldberg v. Whitaker House Coop. (No. 274)

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Gomillion v. Lightfoot (No. 32)

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Gori v. United States (No. 486)

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Green v. United States (No. 70)

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Horton v. Liberty Mut. Ins. Co. (No. 478)

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In Re Anastaplo (No. 58)

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Irvin v. Dowd (No. 41)

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James v. United States (No. 63)

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Jarecki v. G. D. Searle & Co. (No. 151)

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Kimbrough v. United States (No. 127)

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Knetsch v. United States (No. 23)

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Kolovrat v. Oregon (No. 102)

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Konigsberg v. State Bar (No. 28)

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Kossick v. United Fruit Co. (No. 96)

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Labor Board v. News Syndicate Co. (No. 339)

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Labor Board v. Radio Engineers (No. 69)

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Lathrop v. Donohue (No. 200)

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Laurens F. S. & L. v. S. C. Tax Comm'n (No. 126)

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Lewis v. Manufacturers Nat. Bank (No. 94)

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Lott v. United States (No. 238)

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Louisiana v. N. A. A. C. P. (No. 294)

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Lurk v. United States (No. 669)

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Maintenance Employes v. U.S. (No. 681)

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Mapp v. Ohio (No. 236)

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Marcus v. Search Warrant (No. 225)

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Maynard v. Durham & S. R. Co. (No. 183)

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McGowan v. Maryland (No. 8)

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Mcneal v. Culver (No. 52)

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Mcphaul v. United States (No. 33)

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Meyer v. United States (No. 13)

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Michalic v. Cleveland Tankers, Inc. (No. 31)

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Michigan Nat. Bank v. Michigan (No. 155)

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Milanovich v. United States (No. 79)

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Monroe v. Pape (No. 39)

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Montana v. Kennedy (No. 198)

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Moses Lake Homes v. Grant County (No. 212)

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N. L. R. B. v. Mattison Machine Works (No. 74)

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New York, N. H. & H. R. Co. v. Henagan (No. 38)

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Newsom v. Smyth (No. 116)

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Nolan v. Transocean Air Lines (No. 107)

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Noto v. United States (No. 9)

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Pan Am. Corp. v. Superior Court (No. 80)

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Payne v. Madigan (No. 180)

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Piemonte v. United States (No. 122)

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Poe v. Ullman (No. 60)

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Polites v. United States (No. 25)

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Porter Co. v. Central Vermont R. Co. (No. 257)

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Power Reactor Co. v. Electricians (No. 315)

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Pugach v. Dollinger (No. 111)

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Radiant Burners v. Peoples Gas Co. (No. 73)

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Reck v. Pate (No. 181)

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Reina v. United States (No. 29)

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Reynolds v. Cochran (No. 115)

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Rogers v. Richmond (No. 40)

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Saldana v. United States (No. 176)

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Sam Fox Publishing Co. v. U.S. (No. 56)

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Schnell v. Peter Eckrich & Sons (No. 219)

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Shelton v. Tucker (No. 14)

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Silverman v. United States (No. 66)

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Slagle v. Ohio (No. 105)

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Small Business Adm'n v. McClellan (No. 42)

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Smith v. Bennett (No. 174)

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Smith v. Butler (No. 313)

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Stewart v. United States (No. 143)

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System Federation v. Wright (No. 48)

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Tampa Electric Co. v. Nashville Co. (No. 87)

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Teamsters Local v. Labor Board (No. 64)

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Thomas v. Virginia (No. 43)

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Times Film Corp. v. Chicago (No. 34)

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Torcaso v. Watkins (No. 373)

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Travis v. United States (No. 10)

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Two Guys v. Mcginley (No. 36)

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Typographical Union v. Labor Board (No. 340)

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U.S. v. Consolidated Edison Co. (No. 357)

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U.S. v. John Hancock Mut. Ins. Co. (No. 18)

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U.S. v. Mississippi Valley Co. (No. 26)

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U.S. v. Virginia Electric Co. (No. 49)

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United States v. Du Pont & Co. (No. 55)

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United States v. Fruehauf (No. 91)

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United States v. Hougham (No. 24)

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United States v. Lucchese (No. 57)

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United States v. Neustadt (No. 533)

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United States v. Oregon (No. 329)

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United States v. Shimer (No. 392)

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Uphaus v. Wyman (No. 336)

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Waterman Co. v. Dugan & Mcnamara (No. 35)

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Wilkinson v. United States (No. 37)

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Wilson v. Schnettler (No. 182)

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